Report

Masculinities and violence in the Horn of Africa borderlands

Think tank: RUSI

Author(s): Christopher Hockey; Claudia Wallner

July 3, 2026

This report from UK think tank RUSI reveals how masculinity norms fuel conflict, violent extremism and gender-based violence in the Kenya-Somalia-Ethiopia borderlands.

This paper reveals how masculinity norms fuel conflict, violent extremism (VE) and gender-based violence (GBV) in the Kenya-Somalia-Ethiopia borderlands, shaping Al-Shabaab’s recruitment and deepening insecurity.

It offers actionable recommendations for defence and security practitioners to address these interconnected challenges.