This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform focuses on trade, technology and geopolitics. The UK and the EU both recognise that China is a rival and that it is promoting its authoritarian model of governance globally. Neither has drawn the policy consequences from their analysis. They need to co-operate in showing...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform asks whether Europe can save Ukraine and itself from Putin and Trump. If European leaders do not want to confront Russian forces on NATO territory, they will have to do so in Ukraine, even without US backing. That is the conclusion of a new...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at reconciling UK migration policy with the energy transition. In the recently published immigration white paper, the British government promised to reduce net migration by only offering skilled worker visas to applicants with jobs that pay over £38,700 a year, and which require...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at what's holding back European electricity trade. More electricity trade is urgently needed to curtail Europe’s risky dependence on gas imports – from Russia, the US and the Gulf – and to speed the transition to net zero. UK offshore wind will be...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform considers how enlargement could affect the EU-UK relationship. The enlargement process is pushing the EU to think creatively about how to work more closely with candidate countries before accession. The Union is increasingly embracing the notion of phased enlargement. In parallel, the EU is...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform assesses the state of UK-EU defence co-operation. The UK and the EU face daunting common security challenges. However, EU-UK defence co-operation remains limited and the UK’s defence relationship with the EU is shallower than that of many other non-EU partners. Labour’s idea of a...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform outlines how the EU can revamp its green industrial policy while managing unavoidable trade-offs. A new study by the Centre for European Reform (CER), ‘How to build and fund a better EU green industrial policy’, shows that Europe’s clean tech industry is a bright...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform takes stock of the EU’s involvement in defence, its challenges and its prospects. The need for Europeans to urgently strengthen their defences is clearer than ever. Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has pushed European countries to raise their defence budgets significantly, but huge challenges...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform examines the challenges Europe faces in the global economic order. Europe is faced with an increasingly challenging global economic environment. Geopolitical rivalries, China’s rise as a manufacturing powerhouse and political changes in the US have destabilised the legal order which underpins global trade. At...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform urges the next German government to rethink its trade and industrial policies. As it heads to the polls, Germany is gripped with fear of deindustrialisation. A new study by the Centre for European Reform (CER), ‘How German industry can survive the second China shock’...