This report from UK think tank RUSI offers policy implications for addressing the underassessed financial dynamics of insecurity in the two countries. This Policy Brief is based on research on Mozambique and Nigeria carried out between February 2022 and February 2024. The research relied on in-country interviews, a targeted review of existing literature and validation...

This report from UK think tank RUSI takes bottom-up perceptions of violence as a starting point for analysing northern Nigeria’s threat landscape. Nigeria faces numerous security threats: from high rates of violent crime and enduring kidnap-for-ransom issues to long-running insurgencies in the northeast and a metastasising banditry problem in the northwest. Local assessments of these...

This report from UK think tank RUSI provides a comprehensive analysis of Mozambique's complex and layered security landscape. Mozambique faces an array of security challenges, from resilient illicit economies to an enduring kidnapping problem and a long running insurgency in the north. Many security challenges play out at community level, yet local perceptions and experiences...

This report from UK think tank RUSI examines online hate speech and discrimination in the age of AI. Discussions centred around the complexities introduced by AI-generated and targeted hate speech, and explored potential responses, from regulatory measures and content moderation to educational initiatives promoting critical thinking skills. This conference report summarises key themes and points...

This report from UK think tank RUSI explores how UK defence spending contributes not only to national security but also to economic prosperity. This paper explores how UK defence spending contributes not only to national security but also to economic prosperity, especially under the current Labour government, which has emphasised the defence sector as a...

This report from UK think tank RUSI examines the use of calibrated force. The strikes by the Indian Air Force against targets in Pakistan offer a powerful lesson in restraint and Operation Sindoor adds a new approach to India's strategic toolbox.

This report from UK think tank RUSI examines new ways to frame responsible cyber behaviour beyond the UN. Responsible cyber behaviour (RCB) refers to the collective expectations of state and non-state actors about how they should behave in cyberspace. ‘Behaviour’ in this context comprises the values, norms, policies, practices and technologies that are meant to...

This report from UK think tank RUSI assesses drivers and Implications for nuclear safety. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and its occupation of Ukrainian nuclear facilities has highlighted the threat that militaries can pose to nuclear installations. This paper aims to understand the operational and strategic logic of why states may use military force against nuclear...

This report from UK think tank RUSI considers the role of land-air integration in achieving the suppression and destruction of enemy air defences. NATO land forces are overwhelmingly dependent on air power for fires. Without large-scale US assistance, however, European air forces would currently struggle to roll back dense and integrated air defence systems (IADS)...

This report from UK think tank RUSI focuses on the key policy issues that have shaped military-industrial production in Russia, Ukraine and European NATO. During Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the Russian defence industry has managed to significantly increase defence production. Ukraine has also done this, although to a lesser extent. European members of NATO,...