This report from UK think tank Chatham House looks at countering cascading risks with enhanced monitoring and response preparedness. Extreme weather events and turbulent geopolitics are severely impacting global food security. While there are monitoring mechanisms in use for certain single hazards (e.g. flooding) that can impact food production, these systems often have a narrow...

This report from UK think tank IIED unpacks what the advisory opinion means for international investment law. In July 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered its advisory opinion on the ‘Obligations of states in respect of climate change’. The opinion confirms that states have legally binding obligations to protect the climate system and...

This report from UK think tank Green Alliance explores the case for a social tariff to address fuel poverty. The energy crisis, driven by fossil fuel price shocks, has pushed nine million households in England into fuel poverty – spending over ten per cent of their income on energy bills. Current government support schemes aren’t...

This report from UK think tank Green Alliance explores British public and Labour voter opinion on the circular economy. Recent research has emphasised Labour’s need to both retain voters and win them over from multiple sources, including from Reform UK, the Lib Dems and the Greens. Both More in Commons’ Wheelbarrow politics and Persuasion UK’s...

This report from UK think tank the Fabian Society looks at making the circular economy in England work at scale. Like most developed countries, the UK produces millions of tonnes of unnecessary waste each year. In 2020, the last year data was recorded, we produced 191m tonnes of total waste, with England responsible for 163m...

This report from UK think tank Green Alliance presents a roadmap forward for urgent, supportive action for the government’s growth and security agenda. Climate change impacts are already disrupting lives and undermining economic growth across the UK. Health warnings were issued during the June 2025 heatwave due to expected excess deaths, while millions of English...

This report from UK think tank RUSI aims to provide a scoping review of the structural and operational features of voluntary carbon markets that expose them to corruption risk. Allegations of weak oversight, fraud and corruption in voluntary carbon markets (VCMs) have caused substantial market uncertainty. VCMs involve the generation and trading of carbon offsets,...

This report from UK think tank RUSI provides an initial scoping review of VCM features that expose them to corruption risk. The Voluntary Carbon Markets (VCMs), designed to channel finance towards environmental preservation and help countries meet net-zero targets through the trading of carbon offsets, are facing significant challenges due to widespread allegations of weak...

This report from UK think tank Green Alliance examines the challenges facing aviation and explores how hydrogen powered aircraft can transform the sector. Aviation is set to become an increasingly dominant source of UK emissions, growing from 8% today to 59% by 2050 as other sectors decarbonise. The UK’s world-leading aerospace sector, worth £11 billion...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at reconciling UK migration policy with the energy transition. In the recently published immigration white paper, the British government promised to reduce net migration by only offering skilled worker visas to applicants with jobs that pay over £38,700 a year, and which require...

This report from UK think tank Green Alliance highlights low cost interventions that could mean the UK exceeds the methane emissions pledge target. Reducing methane emissions is the fastest way to address global warming, but the UK is off track in its goal to bring them down. Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas over 80...

This report from UK think tank Green Alliance recommends the government develops a clearer strategy in 2025. As geopolitical tensions rise, securing the UK’s energy supply grows increasingly urgent. This must be achieved alongside reducing emissions and increasing affordability for users. The government’s focus on domestic energy supply overlooks the complex trade offs involved. A...

This report from UK think tank Bright Blue attempts to offer a popular and effective set of policies to improve our immigration system. This essay collection is an attempt to offer a popular and effective set of policies to improve our immigration system, rooted in centre-right principles: control, contribution and cohesion. That is, national governments...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at what's holding back European electricity trade. More electricity trade is urgently needed to curtail Europe’s risky dependence on gas imports – from Russia, the US and the Gulf – and to speed the transition to net zero. UK offshore wind will be...

This report from UK think tank IIED examines how currency fluctuations and climate risks impact debt sustainability in SIDS and LDCs. Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and least developed countries (LDCs) are facing growing debt burdens, as volatile exchange rates, amplified by climate shocks, inflate the cost of servicing external debt. The reliance by SIDS...