This report from UK think tank IISS looks at making European defence fit for the digital age. NATO and the EU have embarked on a process of digital transformation of defence. This research paper outlines the principal tenets of related initiatives, provides a brief overview of the level of digitalisation of defence in selected European...

This report from UK think tank Chatham House looks at NATO's opportunity to both strengthen operational resilience and adapt to the impacts of climate change. The impacts of climate change and extreme weather events have the potential to threaten capabilities across all of NATO’s domains and impact its ability to deter and defend. To meet...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at EU-UK defence co-operation and argues that a closer relationship is both necessary and possible. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has reminded the EU and the UK of their shared security interests and brought them closer together. The UK and the EU have co-ordinated...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at how Europe’s critical infrastructure could be better protected from the hybrid Russian threat. After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, European policy-makers have become increasingly concerned about Moscow’s use of hybrid attacks and the threat these pose to critical infrastructure. Suspicious...

This report from UK think tank the BFPG looks at the role of the UK government and businesses in supply chain cybersecurity. As hardware and software supply chains and their mapping become ever more complex, and digital technology procurement becomes an ever more pressing foreign policy issue, BFPG’s latest paper explores the role of the...

This report from UK think tank Chatham House looks towards an evidence-based and inclusive AI policy discourse. Many assumptions about artificial intelligence (AI) have become entrenched despite the lack of evidence to support them. Basing policies on these assumptions is likely to increase the risk of negative impacts for certain demographic groups. These dominant assumptions...

This report from UK think tank Chatham House looks at how Russia uses nuclear threats to shape Western responses to aggression. The idea that nuclear use by Russia is not only possible but probable if it is challenged or threatened, let alone defeated or humiliated, has been fostered by Russian propaganda efforts over many years....

This report from UK think tank the Coalition for Global Prosperity looks at the case of China in Africa. Both the original Integrated Review (IR21) and the recently published refresh (IR23) are right to identify China’s rise and increasingly assertive global role as the most significant change to the geopolitical context in the 21st century....

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform looks at how the war in Ukraine has unfolded and gains and losses.  When Vladimir Putin sent Russian forces across the Ukrainian border on February 24th 2022, he clearly expected a quick victory with limited if any negative consequences for Russia. He probably believed...

This report from UK think tank RUSI looks at the political and defence ties between Belarus and Russia. Alongside Ukraine, Belarus has for centuries been a significant part of Russia’s own history, both as part of an ancestral empire and – in Russia’s perception – as an extension of Russia’s own security space. The political...

This report from UK think tank IISS looks at the drivers, scope and consequences of the continuing development of ballistic and cruise missiles. The IISS Strategic Dossier Missile Technology: Accelerating Challenges examines the drivers, scope and consequences of the continuing development of ballistic and cruise missiles by the world’s most prominent users and producers. It...

This report from UK think tank IISS looks at the funding levels and plans of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance investments of key NATO member states. This IISS research paper assesses the funding levels, strategies, plans and programmes associated with the multi-domain (space, air, land, sea and cyber) intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) investments of key...

This report from UK think tank RUSI looks at the implications of a range of capabilities for modern warfare from the full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 has provided an invaluable opportunity to assess the capabilities of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (AFRF) and the implications...

This report from UK think tank RUSI looks tracks the supply chains of Russia’s most successful UAV. A joint investigation between RUSI, Reuters and iStories has found that Russian companies closely associated with the St Petersburg-based Special Technology Centre Limited Liability Company (STC LLC or STC) – the Russian military-affiliated manufacturer of the Orlan-10 UAV1...

This report from UK think tank RUSI looks at the UK’s short-to-medium investments in Joint All-Domain Operations (JADO)-type capabilities. With limited resources and a host of urgent force modernisation and regeneration requirements, the UK’s short-to-medium investments in multidomain integration/Joint All-Domain Operations (JADO)-type capabilities will need to be incremental.