This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform explores the past, present and future of the UK's relationship with the EU. A decade after the Brexit referendum, a new essay collection by the Centre for European Reform, ‘Ten years after the Brexit referendum’, brings together leading policy-makers, former politicians and senior officials,...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform examines the impact of leaving the customs union and single market on UK trade. A new CER modelling exercise shows that Brexit has substantially reduced the UK’s trade with the EU, both in goods and services. We find that a customs union with the...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform examines short-term priorities and policy options for rearming Europe for deterrence. As the US withdraws from its commitments to European security, and Russia intensifies its hostile activity across the continent, Europe needs to rapidly improve its deterrence by rearming. A new policy brief from...

This report from UK think tank RUSI provides a clear framework for policymakers but above all says that airmanship must be treated as a primary requirement, not a budget variable. This paper sets out the core structure of flight training for fast-jet pilots, explains the necessary airmanship and tactical skill sets that must be taught,...

This report from UK think tank RUSI is a pivotal analysis of the evolving security landscape in the Arctic and High North. This paper is a pivotal analysis of the evolving security landscape in the Arctic and High North, highlighting the urgent need for UK and NATO leadership as geopolitical tensions rise due to increased...

This report from UK think tank the Centre for European Reform argues that China’s export-driven growth model poses a challenge to Germany’s manufacturing economy. Germany’s industrial model is under mounting pressure from a second China shock – and Berlin can no longer afford to wait for the problem to correct itself. A new study by...

This report from UK think tank the ECFR monitors Iran's nuclear programme. This regularly updated Iran nuclear monitor is developed in consultation with nuclear security experts, drawing on open-source intelligence, IAEA statements and satellite imagery analysis. Indicators track distinct, observable activities or declarations of intent—for example, diplomacy, enrichment or official nuclear policy—that collectively allow readers...

This report from UK think tank the Policy Institute brings together essays from leading higher education figures across Europe. Despite taking very different approaches to financing, higher education sectors across major European economies are experiencing the same underlying pressure. Universities have grown enormously since the 1950s, but public funding has not kept pace. The tools...

This report from UK think tank the Fabian Society explores what a new relationship with Europe might look like. A decade ago, the British electorate narrowly voted to leave the EU. It was a decision of generational significance, predicated, in large part, on a picture of splendid isolation that has turned out to be false:...

This report from UK think tank RUSI explores transnational anti-rights mobilisation as a hybrid threat to UK and European democracy. This paper highlights the growing threat of transnational anti-rights mobilisation to the UK and European democracy, driven by foreign actors, funding and influence. ​It examines how identity-based narratives are strategically weaponised to undermine democratic resilience,...